Book Review: War on the Waters by James M. McPherson

Except for the Monitor vs. Virginia (Merrimack), naval battles get short shrift in Civil War history. James M. McPherson fills that gap with War on the Waters, The Union and Confederate Navies, 1861-1865.

Land battles were certainly decisive, but the Union might have lost the war without Gideon Welles and the Navy Department. McPherson even makes a strong argument that Rear Admiral David Glasgow Farragut deserves to be ranked with generals Grant and Sherman when giving credit for the Union victory.

Inventions and innovations by both the Confederate States and the United States revolutionized naval warfare. Steam power, screw propellers, ironclads, submarines, weaponry, and naval tactics all advanced significantly during those four years. By Appomattox, the United States owned the largest navy in the world, and arguably the most technologically advanced.

War on the Waters does an admirable job of describing blue-water and brown-water (river) battles and explaining the significance of each clash. I found the battles that required cooperation between the Army and the Navy particularly interesting. As a bonus, McPherson explains international law regarding blockades far more fully than most history books do.

McPherson’s no-nonsense style can sometimes verge on dull, but he always pulls the reader back to the narrative in the nick of time.

I recommend this book to all those interested in the Civil War, naval battles, technological advancement, or military politics. War on the Waters is informative and a good read.

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Lincoln as an inventor and technology buff: Part 1

Abraham Lincoln had a great interest in innovation and technology. He even presented a lecture entitled “Discoveries and Inventions.” In fact, he is the only president to be awarded a patent. The diagram above is part of his patent application. His invention was a system of inflatable buoys designed to help boats to navigate shallow waters and cross sandbars. Lincoln's experiences with rivers and his interest in technology inspired his invention. Although Lincoln received a patent in May 1849, when he was a congressman, his device was never manufactured. The Smithsonian has a replica model of the device (below). While serving in Washington, Lincoln visited the patent office often to view “Discoveries and Inventions.” The next post will address his lecture on "Discoveries and Inventions." Read all about it!

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Abraham Lincoln: The Enigmatic President

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